speech community

2024年3月26日发(作者：大型suv车型有哪些)

Speech community

Introduction

Speech community refers to a group of people who form a community, e.g. a

village, a region, a nation, and who have at least one speech variety in common.. In

bilingual and multilingual communities, people would usually have more than one

speech variety in common. It is a group of people who share a set of norms and

expectations regarding the use of language. Speech communities can be members

of a profession with a specialized jargon, distinct social groups like high school

students or hip hop fans (see also African American Vernacular English), or even

tight-knit groups like families and friends. In addition, online and other mediated

communities, such as many internet forums, often constitute speech communities.

Members of speech communities will often develop slang or jargon to serve the

group\'s special purposes and priorities.

Literal Review

Defining ‘speech community’ has proved to be far from easy. Numerous

definitions have been proposed, most of them at least slightly different from the

next. Exactly how to define speech community is debated in the literature.

Definitions of speech community tend to involve varying degrees of emphasis on

the following: a) Shared community membership; b)Shared linguistic

r, there has been considerable confusion and

disagreement over exactly what a speech community is, as the following survey

shows.

a) The simplest definition of ‘speech community’ is that of John

Lyons(1970:326)

Speech community: all the people who use a given language(or dialect)

b) A more complex definition is given by Charles Hockett(1958:8)

Each language defines a speech community: the whole set of people who

communicate with each other, either directly or indirectly, via the common

language.

c) The next definition shifts the emphasis entirely from shared language to

communication. A simple form of it was given by Leonard Bloomfield(1933:42)

A speech community is a group of people who interact by means of speech.

d) A later definition by Gumperz, however, introduces the requirement that

there should be some specifically linguistic differences between the members of

the speech community and those outside it(1968)

The speech community: any human aggregate characterized by regular and

frequent interaction by means of a shared body of verbal signs and set off from

similar aggregates by significant differences in language use.