翻译三级笔译实务-经济发展(Economy)

2024年3月19日发(作者：大众揽境suv价格)

翻译三级笔译实务-经济发展(Economy)

(总分：140.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、{{B}}Ⅰ{{/B}}(总题数：10，分数：20.00)

1.I wanted to be a man, and a man I am.

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：我立志做一个真正的人；我现在终于成了一个真正的人。

g the intricacies and complexities out of the picture, let us take the binary opposites

of the rich and the poor in the global system.

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：姑且把其中的错综复杂的问题放到一边，让我们先看世界格局的贫富两极分化现象。

host carved, poured, served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed health.

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：热情的主人又是切肉，又是倒茶，又是上菜，又是切面包，谈啊，笑啊，敬酒啊，忙个不停。

line with the latest trends in fashion, a few dress designers have been sacrificing elegance

to audacity.

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：有些时装设计师为了赶时髦，舍弃了优雅别致的式样，而一味追求大胆创新。

had been too much publicity about their relationship.

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：他们的关系已经闹得满城风雨，人人皆知了。

was more royal than the royals.

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：她比皇家成员更有皇家气质。

7.I\'ve known several people who have overcome nail-biting simply by buying 50 nail files and

distributing them everywhere: in their pockets, desks and bedrooms.

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：我认识几个人，为了克服啃指甲的坏毛病，买了50把指甲剪，并分放到各个地方。不管口袋里，书

桌上，还是卧室里，到处都放着指甲剪。

the light was turned off, the rat had to wait a short time before it was released from

its cage,

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：把灯关掉后，必须等一会才把老鼠从笼子里放出来。

settles into her seat, takes out her computer and reads over the agenda for the meeting

to which she\'s traveling.

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：坐好后，埃米拿出电脑，查阅她前往参加的会议的议程。

people accuse me of being rude because I always introduce myself to other people I meet

on trains; but l answer by telling them that the reason for my action is not curiosity but

friendliness.

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：有人指责我粗鲁，因为我总是喜欢把自己介绍给在火车上遇到的那些人；但是我对他们说，我之所

以这样做不是出于好奇，而是想向他们表示友好。

二、{{B}}Ⅱ{{/B}}(总题数：10，分数：20.00)

11.时间一分钟一分钟过去，前面那团红雾更红更亮了。

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：As time goes by minute by minute, the rosy halos ahead grow redder and brighter.

12.听到这个消息，他一肚皮的酒几乎全化成了醋酸。

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：At this news the wine in his stomach turned to sour vinegar in his jealousy.

13.但是，我却看到了一次最雄伟、最瑰丽的日出景象。

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：I have, however, seen a superbly majestic and beautiful sunrise.

14.姑娘有点不好意思了，脸上泛着红潮。

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：The girly blushed shyly.

15.匪军所至，杀戮人民，奸淫妇女，毁灭村庄，掠夺财物，无所不用其极。

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：Wherever the bandit troops went, they massacred and raped, burned and looted, and stopped

at nothing.

16.教师给孩子们上的课，节奏要快，内容要有趣，因为这些孩子们是在看电视和玩电脑游戏的环境中长大

的。

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：Teachers have to make lessons fast-moving and entertaining, for children are raised on

television and computer games.

17.我们一定要逐步解决沿海同内地贫富差距问题。

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：We can gradually bridge the gap between coastal and inland areas.

18.但是在表面平静的生活下面一直有一种不满和不安的情绪。

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：But there always was dissatisfied restlessness under the placid surface to life.

19.没有人可以否认，几百万的私人小企业大大地推动了国家的经济。

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：No one can deny that millions of small private enterprises have fuelled the nation\'s economy.

20.汉字在历史上有过不可磨灭的功绩。

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：The system of Chinese characters has played an invaluable role in our history.

三、{{B}}Ⅲ{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：60.00)

21.{{B}}Tourism, Globalization and Sustainable Development{{/B}} Tourism is one of the fastest

growing sectors of the global economy and developing countries are attempting to cash in on this

expanding industry in an attempt to boost foreign investment and financial reserves. While

conceding that the uncontrolled growth of this industry can result in serious environmental and

social problems, the United Nations contends that such negative effects can be controlled and

reduced. Before getting into the cold facts of global economics, let me begin with another story

to warm up. I was perplexed when I recently read in the newspaper that Thailand\'s forestry chief

had said: \"Humans can\'t live in the forest because human beings aren\'t animals. Unlike us, animals

can. adapt themselves to the wild or any environment naturally.\" This was to legitimatize the

government\'s plan to remove hundreds of thousands of rural and hill tribe people from protected

areas. This man, who is in charge of conserving the forests, is at the same time very strongly

pushing to open up the country\'s 81 national parks to outside investors and visitors in the name

of \"eco-tourism\". Can we conclude, then, that the forestry chief considers developers and tourists

as animals that know how to adapt to the forest and behave in the wild naturally? While authorities

want to stop the access to forest lands and natural resources of village people, another group

of people -- namely tourism developers and tourists with lots of money to spend -- are set to

gain access to the area. While authorities believe that local people, who have often lived in

the area for generations, are not capable of managing and conserving their land and natural

resources -- under a community forestry scheme for example -- they believe they themselves in

cooperation with the tourist industry can properly manage and conserve \"nature\" under a national

eco-tourism plan. Taking the above quote seriously, cynics may be tempted to say there is obviously

a gap between \"human rights\" and \"animal fights\". How is this story linked to globalization? First

of all, that humans cannot live in the forest is -- of course -- not a Thai concept. It is a notion

of Western conservation ideology -- an outcome of the globalization of ideas and perceptions.

Likewise, that eco-tourism under a \"good management\" system is beneficial to local people and

nature is also a Western concept that is being globalized. In fact, Thailand\'s forestry chief

thinks globally and acts locally. A lesson that can be learned from this is that the slogan \"Think

Globally, Act Locally\" that the environmental movements have promoted all the years, has not

necessarily served to preserve the environment and safeguard local communities\' rights, but has

been co-opted and distorted by official agencies and private industries for profit-making purposes.

The tourism industry is demonstrating this all too well Many developing countries, facing debt

burdens and worsening trade terms, have turned to tourism promotion in the hope that it brings

foreign exchange and investment. Simultaneously, leading international agencies such as the World

Bank, United Nations agencies and business organizations like the World Travel & Tourism Council

(WTTC) have been substantially involved to make tourism a truly global industry. However, tourism

in developing countries is often viewed by critics as an extension of former colonial conditions

because from the very beginning, it has benefited from international economic relationships that

structurally favor the advanced capitalist countries in the North. Unequal trading relationships,

dependence on foreign interests, and the division of labor have relegated poor countries in the

South to becoming tourism recipients and affluent countries in the North to the position of tourism

generators, with the latter enjoying the freedom from having to pay the price for the meanwhile

well-known negative impacts in destinations.

（分数：60.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：{{B}}旅游、全球化与可持续发展{{/B}} 旅游是全球经济中一个快速增长的领域，因而发展中国家

正努力从这一快速增长的产业中获利，以促进海外投资、增加金融储备。联合国一方面承认，该产业的无

序发展会造成严重的环境和社会问题，另一方面却坚持认为这些负面影响可以得到控制和减小。 在了解全

球经济的严酷现实之前，让我先讲个故事为大家热热身。最近我在报纸上看到泰国林业部高官称：“人类

无法生活在森林里，因为人类不是动物；动物与人类不同，能够自然地适应荒野和其它环境。”他的话令

我非常困惑。这种说法将使政府将数以万计的边远和山区部落人民逐出保护地的计划合法化。这位负责森

林保护的官员正在以“生态旅游”为名义积极推动向海外投资商和游客开放该国的81家森林公园。我们由

此是否可以断定，这位林业高官把开发商和游客看作了动物，他们知道如何适应在森林中的环境、在荒野

里自然地生存的动物? 尽管当局要禁止村民接近林地和自然资源，而另一群人，那些旅游开发商和出手阔

绰的游客，却能获准进入这一地区。当局认为世世代代生活在这里的当地居民没有能力通过诸如社区森林

保护规划之类的方法管理其土地和自然资源，唯当局自身却坚信他们可以在全国生态旅游规划之下，与旅

游部门合作，妥善地管理并保护“自然”。倘若上述说法当真，那些愤世嫉俗的人也许不禁要说，看来“人

权”与“动物权”之间鸿沟确实不小。 这怎么会与全球化联系在一起呢?首先，人类不能生活在森林里，

这本来并不是泰国人的观念，而是西方环保意识的影响——也即观念全球化的一个结果。同样，建立在“良

好的管理”体制下的生态旅游有益于当地人民和自然的观念也是一个正在全球化的西方观念。事实上，泰

国林业高官表面上着眼的是全球，实际上着力的却是本部门的利益。在这一点上有个教训：多年来环保运

动提倡的“着眼全球，着力本地”的口号，并没有被用来保护环境、捍卫当地社区的权利，而是被官方机

构和私人企业共同曲解谋利了。旅游业在这一点上的表现可以说是淋漓尽致了。 许多发展中国家面临着沉

重的债务负担和日益刻薄的贸易条款，转而提升旅游业，以期得到外汇、吸引投资。与此同时，世界银行、

联合国各部门等主要国际机构和世界旅行及旅游业理事会之类的商业组织已经从实质上已参与进来，使旅

游业事实上成为一个全球产业。 然而，在批评家看来，发展中国家的旅游业往往是先前殖民统治的延续，

因为从一开始，它就从国际经济关系上获益，而这种关系从结构上讲有利于北半球发达资本主义国家。不

平等的贸易关系、对海外利益的依赖和劳动的分工，使南半球的穷国沦为旅游的接受者，而北半球的富国

则处于旅游生产者的地位，他们不必为众所周知的对旅游目的地造成的负面影响买单。

四、{{B}}Ⅳ{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：40.00)

22.{{B}}贸易保护主义考验全球经济{{/B}} 2000年全球共有反倾销案251起，略高于20世纪90年代年

均232起的数字。但是，2001年，反倾销案件猛增到创记录的348起。这个的统计数字表明贸易保护主义

正在迅速蔓延，并日益成为国际贸易中一个严重的问题。 事实表明，一旦经济陷入衰退，贸易保护主义就

会抬头。2002年3月20日，美国正式启动201条款，对进口钢材加征30%的进口关税，这就是贸易保护主

义的最好例证。 美国钢铁业由于自身的结构问题，再加上本国经济萧条的打击，许多钢铁公司纷纷倒闭。

出于政治上的原因，布什政府挥起了“钢铁大棒”，保护本国的钢铁业，引发了钢材出口国的强烈不满。 美

国是发起对外反倾销案最多的国家，其次是加拿大、印度和欧盟。而中国则是反倾销案最主要的打击目标

之一。 反倾销调查最终经常会导致加征进口税，目的在于增加出口商的销售成本，保护本国产品的竞争力。

虽然很多实施反倾销行动的国家宣称他们的行为是合法的，但是无可否认，反倾销的根本目的是保护本国

竞争力低下的生产者。 美国的201条款还不同于普通的反倾销、反补贴措施，它不要求调查出口国是否进

行了不公平的贸易活动，只要求对国内相关行业是否因进口增加而受损进行调查即可。这种紧急保护措施

较普通的反倾销更随意，也更为严厉。 结果，欧盟、日本、韩国等国都在世界贸易组织向美国提出起诉，

并准备采取紧急保护措施。贸易战可能会从钢铁扩展到其他产业，而全球贸易的稳定将经受新一轮的考验。

（分数：40.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：{{B}}World Economy Tested by Trade Protectionism{{/B}} There were 251 anti-dumping cases

put on file throughout the world in 2000, a slightly higher number than the annual average of

232 cases throughout the 1990s. In the single year of 2001, however, the number suddenly rose

to a record high of 348, indicating a rapid spread of trade protectionism, an increasingly serious

problem in world trade. Trade protectionism begins to prevail when economic depression occurs.

The best proof of this was the U. S. Trade and Tariff Act\'s Section 201, which was made effective

on March 20, 2002, and imposed a 30% ad valorem duty on imported steel. Due to structural problems

in the domestic steel industry and the negative impact of economic depression in the United States,

many U. S. steel producers went bankrupt. For political reasons, the Bush Administration began

to rely on its \"Steel Stick\" to protect the domestic steel industry, a move strongly opposed by

many steel-exporting countries. The United States ranks first in taking anti-dumping cases against

other countries, and is followed by Canada, India and the European Union. China is one of the

main target countries of anti-dumping actions. Anti-dumping investigations often end in an

increase in duties, with the aim of raising exporters\' sales costs to protect the competitiveness

of domestic goods. Most countries allege legal validity in their anti-dumping actions. The

ultimate purpose, however, is to protect domestic producers that are less competitive. Section

201 differs from ordinary anti-dumping and anti-subsidy measure in that it does not require an

investigation into the alleged unfair trade activities by the exporting country. Instead it only

requires an investigation into whether the domestic industry is injured by the increase in imported

goods. This protective measure taken in an urgent situation is more random and severe than ordinary

anti-dumping actions. As a result, the European Union, Japan and South Korea have brought

accusations against the U.S. to the WTO and are ready to take urgent protective measures. As it

is likely that the trade war in the steel industry will spread to other industries, world trade

stability will be subject to an other round of trials and tribulations.