小型电动汽车外观造型设计

2024年3月15日发(作者：2013款别克凯越优缺点)

摘 要

由于低碳环保、操作方便、价格亲民、占用停车空间小，且在日常生活中非常适用

于短途行驶，小型电动汽车开始受到很多消费者的关注，但大多汽车厂商对小型电动汽

车的研究重点放在电池技术等动力续航能力上，忽略了深入研究小型电动汽车外观造型

对汽车发展的存在意义。

本文以小型电动汽车外观造型为研究对象，通过查阅各类文献、现有市场状况等，

根据小型电动汽车设计方法和满足消费者对现有市场的需求为基础，对小型电动汽车外

观造型设计进行总结分析与实践。先概括了国内外电动汽车的现有状况；接着对小型电

动汽车的造型特点、设计方法以及人机工程对外观造型设计的影响等因素进行概述；然

后比较现有小型电动汽车的造型风格特点和探讨消费者对汽车造型有哪些需求来确定

合适的车身尺寸和造型；最后通过手绘草图、三维建模和渲染得出效果图来展示设计的

小型电动汽车外观造型。从而为小型电动汽车外观造型设计的发展提供参考。

关键词：小型电动汽车 外观设计 人机工程 三维建模

Abstract

Due to the low-carbon environmental protection, convenient operation,

people-friendly price, small parking space and other factors, and is very suitable for short

distance driving in daily life, small-scale electric vehicles are concerned by many consumers,

but most automobile manufacturers focus on the research of small-scale electric vehicles, such

as battery technology and power endurance, ignoring the in-depth study of the appearance and

shape of small-scale electric vehicles The significance of development.

This paper takes the appearance design of small electric vehicle as the research object,

through consulting various references, current market conditions and so on, and makes a basic

summary and Analysis on the appearance design of small electric vehicle to meet the design

methods of small electric vehicle and the needs of consumers in the current market. Firstly,

the current situation of electric vehicles at home and abroad is summarized; secondly, the

modeling characteristics and design methods of small electric vehicles and the influence of

human-machine engineering on the appearance modeling design are summarized; secondly,

the modeling style characteristics of the existing small electric vehicle market are collected

and the future appearance modeling trend of small vehicles is explored to get the final design

modeling body size; finally Finish the sketch and 3D modeling to get the effect drawing to

show the appearance design of the sample vehicle. So as to provide a reference for the

development of appearance design of small electric vehicles.

Keywords: Small electric vehicles Appearance design Man machine engineering

3D modeling

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目录

1 前言 ............................................................................. 3

1.1研究背景与研究意义 ............................................................ 3

1.2国内外发展现状 ................................................................ 4

1.2.1国外发展现状 ............................................................. 4

1.2.2国内发展现状 ............................................................. 5

1.3研究目的、方法 ................................................................ 6

1.3.1研究目的 ................................................................. 6

1.3.2研究方法 ................................................................. 7

2影响小型电动车造型设计的主要因素 .................................................. 8

2.1小型电动汽车整体外观构成因素 .................................................. 8

2.1.1电动汽车车身线型因素 ..................................................... 8

2.1.2电动汽车车身细节组成因素................................................. 10

2.2小型电动汽车造型美学因素 ..................................................... 12

2.2.1车身造型的形态因素 ...................................................... 12

2.2.2车身造型的色彩因素 ...................................................... 13

2.3本章小结 ..................................................................... 13

3小型电动汽车造型设计方法和尺寸确定 ............................................... 14

3.1小型电动汽车设计要点和方法 ................................................... 14

3.1.1稳定风设计法 ............................................................ 14

3.1.2流线型设计法 ............................................................ 15

3.1.3 仿生设计法 .............................................................. 16

3.2人机工程学对电动汽车造型尺寸的影响 ........................................... 16

3.2.1人体尺寸对电动汽车外观造型尺寸的影响 ..................................... 17

3.2.2小型电动汽车主要尺寸分析................................................. 19

3.3

确定电动汽车相关尺寸 ........................................................ 21

3.3.1外观造型设计中需要计算的人体尺寸 ......................................... 21

3.3.2相关尺寸的参数表达式 .................................................... 21

3.4本章结论 ..................................................................... 23

4小型电动汽车市场调研分析 ......................................................... 24

4.1用户调查 ..................................................................... 24

4.1.1目标人群分析 ............................................................ 24

4.1.2问卷调查结果统计 ........................................................ 24

4.1.3外观造型最终定位 ........................................................ 24

4.2草图方案绘制 ................................................................. 25

4.3

最终方案图和效果图展示 ...................................................... 28

4.3.1 最终方案图 .............................................................. 28

4.3.2三维建模图展示 .......................................................... 29

4.3.3渲染效果图展示 .......................................................... 29

4.4本章小结 ..................................................................... 30

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